Issue 1, 2008

In the end of the 40s Claude Shannon created the formula for the information unit - one bit. Since then the problem for the information essence of economic processes and of occurrences in general gave birth to a new direction in science, but the information theory remains undeveloped. This study makes a modest attempt to clarify this scientific direction.

Examined are the changes that will occur in the probability of use of possible grants after direct payments for a unit of area in agriculture are available. Related to this is examined the dependence between the sought possibility and the economic size of farms trough logistical statistical modeling. On the ground of the created logistical models are drawn up plans on the expected use of grants generally to secure of means of circulation and main means of production as well as only to use them in long-term investment. Some important conclusions are made about the future behavior of farmers from the point of view of their investment activity. The more favorable structure of farms after receiving of the payments for a unit of area is the main reason for the expected bigger size of the examined possibility.

The study aims to obtain a model for evaluation of financial stability and reliability of firms in Bulgaria. As initial basis is used all the available information on enterprises, adjudged bankrupt in 1999 and 2000, for each of them is included data for three years preceding the year of liquidation. Analogical data is included of the corresponding to them (on number of employees, capital and branch) running enterprises. The total number of observed units is 1600. Based on the analysis some main conclusions on the specific reasons for bankruptcy according to the ownership and organisation of business in the observed totality.

Examined are the main criteria which are used to define small and medium enterprises (SME) in different countries. They are subdivided into quantitative and qualitative. To the quantitative refer: number of employees, sales turnover, balance number, size of assets and market share. In the analysis of the main qualitative characteristics of small business a confirmation about them is sought in the works of researchers or studies of a broad time perimeter - from Schumpeter, Kondratieff ant the Bolton Committee to the contemporary research of the European Commission. Conclusions have been reached about common and specific peculiarities typical for the different definitions. Some conclusions have been made about the changes in the contemporary European common view on small and medium enterprises.

Analysed are the peculiarities of the methodological positions of the well known German scientist, representative of the so called "Youngest Historical School" Werner Sombart whose work undeservedly sunk into oblivion through a rather long period. Examined is the impact of different directions of social-economic thought on the evolution of his views and methodological approaches. Appraised is the contribution of the ideas and methodology of Sombart for the development of economic theory, expressed in the application of interdisciplinary approach to the examination of contemporary capitalism, as well as in the grounding of the social dependence of human cultural-economic activity in the conditions of the different stages of his development.

Drawn and analysed are the historical "waves" of concentration and centralisation of bank capital in particular bigger countries, incl. Bulgaria. Shown is the technology of accomplishment of bank merger or acquisition through examining the stages on the process of deal implementation. Grounded is the necessity of the realisation of every stage and the resulft thereof. On this basis the incentives for bank merger and acquisition are drawn.